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"THE MUSIC OF MYTHOS"

An interesting point made right at the beginning of the chapter is the one that may have the answer, which also may be unaware. Although Rowell, is interested in the deeper level of musical ideas in Western cultural consciousness. Music, in addition to the classical concept associated with the Muses, in a metaphorical sense to wonder images. As Campbell explains in his book The Power of Myth, "... the metaphor is an image that suggests another "(59). We must also consider the importance of archetypal criticism. In this effort, Northrop Frye is suggested as an important reference in study of the archetypes, but admits it is difficult to get a clear idea of the myth of music as a whole. Although this concept of personal myth is, can contribute to a mission so difficult to define. [Cunha 2002] "The myth is the way you can face the truth, imposed or acquired, so that there is a belief, regardless of the variety of interpretations and associations. "According to Rowell, the authors have an agreement that" the common denominator seems to be our need to explain what can not be immediately understood on the basis of everyday experience "(59).

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The same author also explains, is not part of conscious life, and "sometimes are associated with certain circadian rhythms of the times and stations and the spatial structure of the ordered cosmos, and it seems - according to Levis Strauss - to perform the same function for most societies, primitive or sophisticated "(59). Campbell explains in his The work of the hero with a thousand faces, that the effect successful adventure with the hero is the unlocking and release again by the flow of life in the body in the world and the miracle of this movement of foodstuffs, dynamically streaming of energy, or spiritually as a manifestation of grace (40). So, the conclusion that [Rowell, 61] "reality mimics myths. "This movement of energy should also include music, which illuminates such manifestations of grace, so that there is sufficient evidence the fact that you have followed the development of societies.

[Rowell, 60] "According to Frye, a cosmic setting is essential to the functioning of myth with the divine, human, animal, vegetable, mineral, and sometimes the demon world in the lineup by some symbol of verticality, Frye called for a "Point of epiphany" (A moment of introspection, discovery or disclosure by the life of a character is very upset (Gioia G11).) Also means because the scale of four forms of music from the vertical at the point of epiphany, connecting the four material elements (earth and water, air, fire) with the sky pagan Apollo and the three Graces, is shown in a ball with arms linked (see illustration, Cunha 01), and his spirit descends into all of the Muses (61). "The original number of muses and their names vary in earlier times as their evolution blossomed in Greek mythology. At first, three Muses were worshiped on the mountain Helicon, in Boeotia: Melete ("meditation"), Mneme (memory), and Aoede ("song").

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Another three were worshiped at Delphi and their names represented the names of the strings of a lyre: Nete, Mese, and Hypate. Several other versions were worshiped until the Greeks finally established the nine muses of mythology as Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia and Urania. The Muses had several epithets at usually refers to places where they had settled. "01He also sites two musical examples:" Orfeo (which has influenced beasts in this art, but have moved to rocks and woods to the modulation of his song ... (62)) has descent into the underworld to revive Eurydice and of Polynesian mythology, the vine by which Hikii descends into the underworld to rescue his wife, Hawelu "(60).

A relevant point is the fact that "the central themes of the myths of were conventional music since the early Christian era, crystallizing around the legend of Orpheus, which remains the theme more explicit. Orpheus in Virgil mentions fourth book of his Georgics. But there are more references to reincarnation of Orpheus as Kathi Meyer-Baer that splited figure in early Christian iconography. Clement Alexandria also portrays Christ as a new Orpheus in a theology of extraordinary beauty that has clearly been ignored by the Church in Rome (63). Dionysus is also important myth (Toca aulos) (80). As reported in an excerpt from Midas, where Pan and Apollo compete Tmolus be judged. " But Apollo 03 was also approved and included in the list of Roman gods, because there was no relationship with Delphi. This god was known as the god of healing, but it became the god of oracles and prophecies, according to Virgil (Harvey 45).

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1. There are references in iconography music, as Pythagoras (bells playing with the sound of hammers), David (with its harp) and Krishna (flute) "(64). Good references for the suits in Greece concerning the instruments can be seen in vessels that are currently in the British Museum, and this artistic expression also offer rich documentation (Harvey 351).

After 1700, there was a decrease on the whole, considering the use of myths, because the upward trend in the interpretation based on the cosmology and theology (62). Rowell, concludes that "the myth of music, in a word, went into hiding and has rarely emerged since explicit in the narrative or other references to the fragmentary "(62)." Critics in writing of the social point of view in many important ways mirrors of their society and therefore the literary work is a historical document, a fossil with no life that needs to be revitalized by the illumination it produces "(Smith 06).

In this attempt, Guido of Arezzo is an example of a famous conservative of the myths of the music, because music he compiled codes (San Gregorio) during the Middle Ages. Santos and San Juan, and Santa Cecilia also appeals to writers such as Chaucer, and John Dryden. Names like Niccolò Paganini and Franz Liszt also mentioned because they are related to the myth of Orpheus to the world of nineteenth-century music (The energy that is said to come from the devil.) Doctor Faustus by Thomas Mann is the portrait convincing of the demonic in the music. The authors, like Shakespeare, TS Eliot, are also included in the gallery of those who revived the myths and music during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance to today. The effect that music produces in humans has been considered positive, however, music has associations with sexuality, death, resurrection, mighty strength, the harmony, but if God is also demonic. "Orpheus and Apollo were associated with healing of disease, prophecy the oracle, and the ritual purification of three different approaches to the healing forces of nature over the body and mind (70).

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In this attempt, the music should have three benefits. "First, regulation, restoration of the soul and / or body to a state of equilibrium ... Second, the creation a feeling of pleasure through movement, and the third is the induction of an ecstatic experience (catharsis), which purges the soul of the emotional conflicts drive evil spirits "(70). And the music is described as a specific language can communicate directly from performer to listener, that enters the body as air pressure, meaning, and soul (71). Another interesting point to incorporate the body of this essay, is Transcience. As Rowell explains, the most striking paradox the myth is that this incredibly powerful force is also infinitely durable, and always in danger of extinction (73).

"Concepts about Harmony is both the most abstract and most grandiose of all musical metaphors "(77).

The partnership with the myths and instruments they play, is very interesting because some of them may be prototypes of later strings, symbolizing the principles of Apollo - the harmony, formal clarity, reason, moderation and objectivity. An example of this progress is "ch'in", the most revered of Chinese instruments, considered a symbol of harmony. Even the bells have been cited in many literary works, as well as flute (which was invented by Mercury) 02, which is the most symbolic of all musical instruments (81). Percussion symbolism appears in such a variety of shapes, sizes, materials and locations that generalization is impossible. And the last Rowell mentioned instrument is the organ, which is another symbol of world harmony, and this is an Elizabethan concept, mentioned even by John Donne in his poetry (82).

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For the Greeks, the music is meant by various cultural, artistic and intellectual features a new meaning to the myths and music. As mentioned in the book "The Republic": "Exercise for the body and music for the soul" (Plato, 136). This statement is an example of the importance of myth and music in education, a higher level of resources, contributing to the teaching. The revolution on this subject has been done. The new century is a promise of stunning productions and resources (especially computers), so we can enjoy the most large life, with music, heroes and myths, of course! This is our story!

And this is not a privilege of those who can invest in travel, and can be educated musically. This treasure is valuable with the advent of the Internet today. The downside of the story is the emergence of negative energies. We also with victims and anti-heroes in the adventure of life. Is there music for them? The sound of a gun? Or a bomb? We already know the sounds of death and misery. The answers to many secrets of ancient civilizations and their uses do not remain secret. Perhaps because the myths and the music could survive. No matter how much time, has been preserved for us, for this extraordinary amount of investment.

Jobs cited

Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, New York:

Modern Society Language, USA, 1988.

Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Library of Congress, USA, 1973.

Dictionary of Mythology Greco Roman. Cultural April, 1976, Brazil.

Campbell, Joseph. O Mito able to do. Editora Palas, São Paulo, Brazil, 1990.

Gioia, Dana. Literature. Longman, USA, 2002.

Harvey, Paul, Oxford Dictionary of Classical Literature. Jorge Zahar Editor, Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil, 1987.

National Geographic. The Eternal Etruscans. June 1988.

Neil Philip. The illustrated book of myths and legends of the world tiles, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Rowell, Lewis. Thinking of Music at the University of Massachusetts Press, USA, 1983.

Smith, Lyle E. archetypal criticism: Theory and Practice, Carson, CSUDH, USA, 1997.

Oskar Seyffert. Enciclopédia Classic. Editorial Ateneo, Buenos Aires, 1947.

Appendix

• List some of the myths associated with music and its mythical powers.

1. Apollo

Jupiter's son was born in Deos. He was exiled in Olympus, shelters in the reign of Admetus. He had a long journey on Earth until his father gave him the mission to diffuse the light throughout the world. He drove the car from the sun and the conquests of eternal youth. He is the god of music, arts, medicine, and poetry.

2. Calliope

Calliope (Calliopeia), the Voice "Fair" and the greatest of Muse, is the muse of epic poetry, and is considered the holding a clipboard in hand, sometimes seen with a roll of paper or a book, and crowned with gold. Calliope is known for taking a fancy to Achilles and taught him to encourage their friends singing at banquets. She also was called by Zeus to mediate the dispute between Aphrodite and Persephone over possession of Adonis. He settled the dispute, giving them the same time, providing some much needed Adonis free time for himself. In Apollo, gave birth to Linus, who was killed by Hercules and Orpheus.

3. Clio

4. Dionysus

A Greek god Dionysus is atypical. While the Olympian gods are beings of bright sunlight, Dionysus is a creature of mystery, its very essence an enigma. His kingdom is poor, and his followers to flirt with insanity, drunkenness, and death. He is the patron deity of the Maenads (or Bacchae), wild women who roamed the lofty peaks shouting "SSIO, SSIO and said he was breaking the animals living on the fringes of his trance of divine possession. He is the god who brings the wine, but also poisoning the drinker who joins with the deity. And, perhaps most significantly, his relationship with a certain type of religious activity, known as a "mystery" separates him from his fellow Olympians (With the exception of the goddess Demeter, who inspired his own mystery cult).

5. Erato

Erato the "Lovely" is the muse of love poetry and mime, and is seen with a lyre and sometimes leads a crown of roses.

6. Euterpe

Euterpe the "giver of pleasure" is the muse of music and is represented by a flute. It is said that the inventor of the double flute. By the River Strymon, gave birth to Rhesus who was killed at Troy.

7. Hebe

She is the daughter of Zeus and Hera. She is the goddess of youth. She, along with Ganymede are the cupbearer to the gods. Hebe is the wife of Heracles.

8. Hercules

The most popular of Greek heroes, Hercules (sometimes called "Hercules") was celebrated in stories, sculptures, paintings, and even the geography of the ancient world.

9. Krishna

Krishna Mensageiro de Deus foi um na antiga That viveu Índia há mais ou least 5,000 years. Mensagem Sua Mensagem foi a do amor. Ele nasceu numa prisão. Isso foi para um Sinal ficarmos nascidos That Sabendo All prisão do na "eu" a prisão this world.  

10. Mercury

Mercury in Roman mythology. Hermes - Greek. According to Hesiod] was Hermes, the son of Zeus and Maia. Presided over commerce, wrestling, gymnastics and other exercises, even over thieving, and everything, in short, that requires skill and dexterity. He was the messenger of Zeus, and wore a winged cap and winged shoes. In his hand a rod entwined with two snakes, called Caduceus. Hermes is said to have invented the lyre. He found one day, a turtle, which took the shell, made holes in opposite edges thereof, and drew cords through their clothing, and the instrument was complete. The cords were nine, in honor of the nine Muses. Hermes gave the lyre to Apollo, and received him in exchange the caduceus. "

11. Melpomene

12. Orfeo

Orpheus was a legendary singer and musician of Greek mythology. In fact, many stories about the approach of Orpheus in his ability to charm the audience with a song. In his exploits with the Argonauts, his most memorable myth - to rescue his wife Eurydice from the subsoil - Orpheus dazzled listeners with his mellifluous voice, story after story. Read more on this master musician, keep reading.

According to some sources, Orpheus was the son of Apollo and the muse Calliope. These parents - a god of music and the muse of epic poetry - help to explain the origin of Orpheus' extraordinary musical gift. And the power of this gift of God-like of the song was undeniable. The ancient poets Aeschylus and Euripides, both speak of how Orpheus used his talent to charm wild animals, trees, and rocks.

13. Pan

Pan is the son of Hermes. He is the god of goat herders and shepherds. Especially in the human aspect but with goat horns and goat feet. He is an excellent musician and plays the pipes. He is cheerful and playful, often seen dancing with woodland nymphs. He feels at home in any wild place, but the favorite is Arcadia, where was born. He is always looking for one of the nymphs, but was always rejected because it is ugly.

14. Pythagoras

Pythagoras (530 BC fl.) Must have been one of the greatest men of the world, but did not write anything, and it is difficult to tell how much of the doctrine Pythagoras is known as the founder of the company and how much further development. It is also difficult to say how much of what we are told about the life of Pythagoras is trustworthy, because a mass of legend gathered around his name at an early date. He is sometimes depicted as a man of science, and sometimes as a preacher of mystical doctrines, and we might be tempted to consider either of those characters as alone historical. The truth is that there is no need to reject any of the points traditional view. The union of mathematical genius and mysticism is common. Originally from Samos, Pythagoras founded at Croton (southern Italy) a society that was both a religious and a scientific school. This body was to awaken the jealousy and mistrust, and we hear of many struggles. Pythagoras himself had to flee to Metapontion Crotona, where he died.

15. Polyhymnia

Polyhymnia (Polymnia) "The many hymns" is the muse of sacred poetry and is a thoughtful look on his face. She brings distinction to writers whose works have won immortal fame. It has also been called the muse of geometry, mime, meditation and farming. Polyhymnia often disguised.

16. Santa Cecilia

Santa Cecilia
d.
Celebration November 22
In the fourth century appeared a Greek religious novel about the love of Cecilia and Valerian, in writing, such as chrysanthus and Daria, Julian and Basilissa, the glorification of the virginal life, and in order to take the place of sensual romances of Daphnis and Chloe, Cher and Callirhoe, and so on.

17. Terpsichore

18. Thalia

Thalia (Thaleia) the "flourishing" is the muse of comedy and playful and idyllic poetry, and is seen with a comic mask. She is sometimes seen wearing a crown of ivy and a crook. By Apollo, Thalia had the Coribantes, priests who were castrated in identification with the goddess Cybele.

19. Urania

Urania the "Heavenly" is the muse of astronomy and is represented by a team said in a celestial globe. She predicts the future by the position of the stars.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Terpsichore the "Spinner" is the muse of dance and is often seen dancing with her lyre and a plectrum, a tool used to pluck instruments rope. On the river god Achelous, she bore the Sirens.

Melpomene the "Songstress" is the muse of tragedy, despite its happy song and is represented by the mask of tragedy. She is sometimes seen with garland, a club and a sword. She is often seen using cothurnes, traditionally worn boots tragic actors, and a crown of cypress.

Clio the "proclamation" is the muse of history and is often to be with a scroll and accompanied for a chest of books. She has been credited with introducing the Phoenician alphabet into Greece. Clio had mocked the love of Aphrodite, Adonis, and in consequence of his anger, the Clio is Pierius fell in love with the son of Magnes and the King of Macedonia. By Piero, gave birth to Jacinto.

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